Julia Child Quotes on Cooking and Life

Cookbook author and television cooking personality Julia Child introduced French cooking techniques to Americans in a way that was both entertaining and accessible. Shes known for her distinctive voice and willingness to make a mess and for her popularization of cooking instruction. Quotes on Life Find something youre passionate about and keep tremendously interested in it. You must have discipline to have fun. Life itself is the proper binge. I think the inner person is the most important...  I would like to see an invention that keeps the mind alert. Thats what is important. Drama is very important in life: You have to come on with a bang. You never want to go out with a whimper. Tears mess up your makeup. Everything in moderation, including moderation. Friendship, Love and Marriage Dining with ones friends and beloved family is certainly one of lifes primal and most innocent delights, one that is both soul-satisfying and eternal. Its fun to get together and have something good to eat at least once a day. Thats what human life is all about—enjoying things. You find yourself refreshed by the presence of cheerful people. Why not make an honest effort to confer that pleasure on others? Half the battle is gained if you never allow yourself to say anything gloomy. The secret of a happy marriage is finding the right person. You know theyre right if you love to be with them all of the time. I wouldnt keep him around long if I didnt feed him well. Cooking as Art Non-cooks think its silly to invest two hours work in two minutes enjoyment; but if cooking is evanescent, so is the ballet. It took architects years to get established, to show that they werent just artisans, and thats what I hope will happen with gastronomy. For some reason people dont consider cooking a serious business, but its like any discipline, and its a passionate and fascinating one. Some people like to paint pictures, or do gardening, or build a boat in the basement. Other people get a tremendous pleasure out of the kitchen, because cooking is just as creative and imaginative an activity as drawing, or wood carving, or music. Its so beautifully arranged on the plate—you know someones fingers have been all over it. How to Cook This is my invariable advice to people: Learn how to cook—try new recipes, learn from your mistakes, be fearless, and above all have fun! You dont have to cook fancy or complicated masterpieces—just good food from fresh ingredients. Once you have mastered a technique, you barely have to look at a recipe again. Be a fearless cook! Try out new ideas and new recipes, but always buy the freshest and finest ingredients, whatever they may be. Furnish your kitchen with the most solid and workmanlike equipment you can find. Keep your knives ever sharp and—toujours bon appetit! The only real stumbling block is fear of failure. In cooking youve got to have a What the hell? attitude. Always remember: If youre alone in the kitchen and you drop the lamb, you can always just pick it up. Whos going to know? In department stores, so much kitchen equipment is bought indiscriminately by people who just come in for mens underwear. I think every woman should have a blowtorch. Always start out with a larger pot than what you think you need. The best way to execute French cooking is to get good and loaded and whack the hell out of a chicken. French Cooking and French Food In France, cooking is a serious art form and a national sport. After one taste of French food... I was hooked. Id never eaten like that before, I didnt know such food existed. The wonderful attention paid to each detail of the meal was incredible to me. Id never really drunk good wine before, and knew nothing at all about it. It was simply a whole new life experience. Cassoulet, that best of bean feasts, is everyday fare for a peasant but ambrosia for a gastronome, though its ideal consumer is a 300-pound blocking back who has been splitting firewood nonstop for the last twelve hours on a subzero day in Manitoba. American Food It is the Americans who have managed to crown minced beef as hamburger, and to send it round the world so that even the fussy French have taken to le boeuf hache, le hambourgaire. How can a nation be called great if its bread tastes like Kleenex? How to Teach and Learn Cooking I would far prefer to have things happen as they naturally do, such as the mousse refusing to leave the mold, the potatoes sticking to the skillet, the apple charlotte slowly collapsing. One of the secrets of cooking is to learn to correct something if you can, and bear with it if you cannot. Just like becoming an expert in wine—you learn by drinking it, the best you can afford—you learn about great food by finding the best there is, whether simply or luxurious. The you savor it, analyze it, and discuss it with your companions, and you compare it with other experiences. A cookbook is only as good as its worst recipe. Speaking About  Her Own Life Being tall is an advantage, especially in business. People will always remember you. And if youre in a crowd, youll always have some clean air to breathe. I was 32 when I started cooking; up until then, I just ate. Until I discovered cooking, I was never really interested in anything. Upon reflection, I decided I had three main weaknesses: I was confused (evidenced by a lack of facts, an inability to coordinate my thoughts, and an inability to verbalize my ideas); I had a lack of confidence, which cause me to back down from forcefully stated positions; and I was overly emotional at the expense of careful, scientific though. I was thirty-seven years old and still discovering who I was. I enjoy cooking with wine, sometimes I even put it in the food Im cooking. I dont think about whether people will remember me or not. Ive been an okay person. Ive learned a lot. Ive taught people a thing or two. Thats whats important. Work and Achievement If youre in a good profession, its hard to get bored, because youre never finished-there will always be work you havent done. The measure of achievement is not winning awards. Its doing something that you appreciate, something you believe is worthwhile. I think of my strawberry soufflà ©. I did that at least twenty-eight times before I finally conquered it. Success and Celebrity Why languish as a giantess when it is so much fun to be a myth? Celebrity has its uses. I can always get a seat in any restaurant. Dieting and Diets Moderation. Small helpings. Sample a little bit of everything. These are the secrets of happiness and good health. I just hate health food. Dieting got really big in the 60s, when fashion models were very thin. They werent always, you know! Now were eating all this fat-free, fake stuff, and were getting fat anyway because were not satisfied. In spite of food fads, fitness programs, and health concerns, we must never lose sight of a beautifully conceived meal. The only time to eat diet food is while youre waiting for the steak to cook. You can have some butter, you can have some olive oil. It all comes down to moderation, variety, exercise and use your head. Fat gives things flavor. If you’re afraid of butter, just use cream. I find that if I just taste everything and eat small portions I maintain my weight. I watch my fat intake, but I eat hearty. Personally, I dont think pure vegetarianism is a healthy lifestyle. Ive often wondered to myself: Does a vegetarian look forward to dinner, ever?

Consumer Harm High Bar - 931 Words

Consumer Harm: High Bar in FTC Data Security Claims ALJ On November 13, 2015, A Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) Chief Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) held that LabMD did not violate Section 5(a)of the Federal Trade Commission Act (FTC Act) by failing to provide reasonable security for personal information on computer networks. This is the first decision that limits the authority of FTC to regulate businesses that fail to appropriately safeguard their consumers’ electronic personal information. FTC first became involved with consumer privacy issues in 1995, when it promoted industry self-regulation. After determining that self-regulation was not effective, FTC began taking legal action under Section 5 of the FTC Act. Section 5 limits practices considered to be unfair to instances where, among other things, 1) the practice causes or is likely to cause substantial injury to consumers; (2) the substantial injury is not reasonably avoidable by consumers; and (3) the substantial injury is not outweighed by countervailing benefits to consumers or to competition. Since 2002, the FTC has brought over 50 cases against companies that have engaged in unfair or deceptive practices that put consumers’ personal data at unreasonable risk. Most of these cases resulted in settlements and did not provide judicial decisions addressing the FTC’s authority to regulate the data security practices of companies which have suffered a data breach. The first case to test the authority of FTC was FTCShow MoreRelatedBrand Management: Boost Juice1316 Words   |  6 PagesBOOST JUICE: Boost Juice was founded by Australian born, Janine Allis. The product advocates healthy living. 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The nurse expressed concern about injecting a high amount intramuscularly as the label on the bag instructed. Further discussion took place, and a decision was made to administer the medication intravenously instead. The intravenous administration ended up being lethal to the infant, and the infantRead MoreCompetition Within The U.s. Pha rmaceutical Industry1599 Words   |  7 PagesCompetition within the U.S. pharmaceutical industry is very high. With less elastic demand than for other industries, profit potential is enormous. Demand is more inelastic as prescription drugs are necessary for many individuals with illnesses such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Within the industry, there are two types of manufacturers: brand name and generic. These groups compete not only among one another, but with each other as well. Brand name pharmaceutical companies often try to, and

Amiri BarakaS Essay That Was Essential To The Black Arts Movement Example For Students

Amiri BarakaS Essay That Was Essential To The Black Arts Movement? A complex and unclear question throughout the late 20th century and today is did the arts change history or do the arts reflect the changes that are taking place in society? It is a difficult question to answer since art and music have become so increasingly popular over the past 50 years. Also, for this question, no ones opinion was exactly one and the same. Music and the arts had such a widespread influence on our nation over such a small period Of time; it seemed s if it was sometimes hard to comprehend. Art in general became such a talked about subject during the post. Wall years and especially during the American involvement of Vietnam. During these years, and for many to come, art shaped our society in a way that the American people have never seen before. Art gave the American people a great form of expression starting in the asses and still plays a major role in our country today. Art had a major influence on the United States during the post-WI years and that is the reason art changed American story. Some of the most popular music of the 20th century in the United States was during the latenesss and the early asses during the Vietnam War. Songs like give peace a chance, Get up stand up, where have all the flowers gone? i, whats going on? , and Ohio became very popular new pop songs that reflected the views of the American people toward their government and the dislike of the involvement of the Vietnam War. These songs and others played a huge part in influencing the American people in way never before. Sass art was influenced by the desire to move into a modern age or future Which the space race seemed to show. Major works by influential artists like Alexander Calder and Helen Fraternally showed a desire to escape from the Status quo. Artists wanted to inspire the viewer to leap into something new and experience art in their own way. Mean, isnt that what being an artist is all about? A new artist who appeared was Andy Warhol, a leading name in pop art. Other forms evolving during this time were assemblage art, optical art, kinetic abstraction, and pop art. Music has consistently been influenced by the trends of its time; reflecting politics, economics, and our life style. The baby boomer generation lived during a time when war had a powerful impact on everyones life. Demonstrations, organizations, speeches, freedom chants, and drugs helped ease the pain of knowing that American soldiers were losing their lives in the Vietnam War, Drugs became, perhaps, one to the most influential variables apparent in the music to the 19605, The popularity and promotion of recreational drug use by musicians irately influenced use of drugs and the perception of acceptability of drug use among the youth of the period. When the Beetles, once known as clean-cut, innocent youths, started publicly acknowledging using LSI, many fans followed. Since the Beetles were the most popular group of people during that time, they had a great influence upon their fans and supporters, and there were a lot. These different genres Of music from the asses impacted society in distinctive ways. Folk music brought politics into a new light to young Americans (which were mostly categorized in the baby boom generation). Along the same lines, counterculture music exposed society to new thoughts and experiences. Rock music also shocked humanity With new, harsh lyrics and Wild instrumentation. Without this wide range of music, our culture would have a very different history than it does today. My point is music during the post-World War II and Vietnam War age did not just have an effect upon the time it was released and popular. That music has had such an influence on our current society and on other current musicians that have not forgotten and embraced music from 50 years go. .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .postImageUrl , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:hover , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:visited , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:active { border:0!important; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:active , .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua0a2f915f6a11c925978d7907700d70c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Prince EssayThe arts of the asses asses, and asses definitely changed and shaped our society and culture during those years and tort the many to come. Its hard to argue that the arts just reflected the times and the changes in society because the arts during that time were a definite part of history. You cannot simply talk about the conflict in Vietnam (The Cold War), drug culture, and civil rights groups without including that music and art played an important role in forming and shaping history just as much as those events did.

Role of Leadership in Organization

Question: Describe about the role of leadership in organization? Answer: Leadership is the important component in the success of an organization, yet there exist academic debate about the effective leadership style (Hoy and Miskel 2001). The main aim of this essay is to critically evaluate the various leadership styles that are deployed by the business leaders by demonstrating the transformational leadership principles, which are more conductive for improving the staff motivation, by impacting positively on the culture of organization and delivering overall success for long term (Hoy and Miskel 2001). The first style, which is analyzed, is the leadership of transformation and its examples includes about the Smith, who is the International Coffee CEO, and is leading coffee supplier of fair trade (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). Transformational leadership includes four dimensions and these include the congruent along with actions and practices that were implemented by Smith (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). For example, Smith tries to characterize the first dimension that create influence by his optimism, ambition, as well as attitude oriented towards innovation along with the willingness to do sacrifice for short period gains for the purpose to offer ethical services that are mainly built over the principles of fair trade, and the same is presented through the axiom that align with Einstein and Humphreys (2001) perception over the transformational leaders that also elevate the followers towards high morality level (Einstein and Hump hreys 2001). Smith fulfills the dimension of inspirational motivation through creating the environment that values the originality and employees could feel the freedom to expand and fail (Einstein and Humphreys 2001). This could be viewed by the practices of company for celebrating the attempt towards the techniques of new harvesting, which also tries to amply and demonstrate their appreciation of taking risk element, which inherent in proceeding with the new assignments and inspire the team to go with new ideas through removing the risk of failure (Leatherman and Leatherman 2008). He also offers the third component that is termed as intellectual stimulation through motivating the staff to work in collaboration in small group of teams in order to come up with new ideas and project within the safe environment without any kind of fear (Leatherman and Leatherman 2008). Lastly, Smith also satisfies the dimension of individualized consideration through offering the employees that work in International Coffee with the free perks like assistance for travel, and healthcare through the support of benefits menu, in which every employee could pick the three advantages, which suit those most (Leatherman and Leatherman 2008). He also offered personal feedback to all members of team on daily basis that also corresponds with the view of Bass (1985), who states that the transformational leaders offer help as well as encouragement to other members (Bass 1985). There are some critics like Morgeson, Derue and Karam (2010), who has argued that the transformational style of leaders hip assumes about the high ambition level and employees motivation where else the situational approach also suggest that leaders could easily modify the behavior of employees as per the employees level of maturity (Morgeson, Derue and Karam 2010). Notable, Morgeson, Derue and Karam (2010) also draws various important differences among the transactional as well as transformational styles of leadership that could be easily observed in the International coffee last CEO, who was Jones (Morgeson, Derue and Karam 2010). For example, oppositional to the Smith that inspires the staff to focus towards innovation, Jung (2001) also reports that Jones main focus is over maintaining the companys success that aligns with Benne and Sheats (1948) who explores that the transactional leaders are passive and tries to preserve the status quo (Benne and Sheats 1948). In long term this leads the Jones to fail in anticipating the shift in the market of fair trade that also results into opting market of company in the leadership along with effects on market share and profits (Benne and Sheats 1948). Moreover, its noted that transformational style of Smith also tries to acknowledge the mistakes as part of process success, and in this case Jones tried to implement the rigid ranking system of performance between 1-5, in which top performers will be given reward along with bonus, while the one coming at the bottom, that is 5 will result into the disciplinary action (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). This kind of practices corresponds into the style of transaction, in which employees tries to achieve the objective through reward and punishment system that is also determined through the leader (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). Significantly, a contextual view point is considered as the key in depicting the transactional style effectiveness (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). When international coffee operated in the increasing market along with low competition, the leadership of Jones also proved effective in maintaining the profitability acceptance level and also clarified the employees role (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). The highest leadership form is considered as the autocratic leadership style that is exhibited through the Johnson, who is assumed to be Solar Drink CEO (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). In comparison with the Smith, who is referred as the role model and considers empowerment of employees, Johnson tries to evident the autocratic principles that include the entire authority, which help in determining the procedures, objectives and policies in context of employees (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). This also signifies the typology of power culture through Morgeson, Derue and Karam (2010) with control that emanate through the center (Morgeson, Derue and Karam 2010). Radical strategies of Johnson also includes the extreme layoffs, shutting down factories, renegotiating of contracts, as well as revoking perks of employees that proceed effective for short period in the success of finance and lead towards enhancement in revenue (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). The faire style of laissez on the other side is considered as antithetical towards the autocratic Johnson style and this could be viewed by the analysis of Fast Food chairman, Dean, this company includes the outlets of fast food eating in the UK (Purcell, Kinnie, Swart, Rayton and Hutchinson 2009). Where else, Johnson holds the entire authority; the style of laissez faire is predicated over the leader that provides managers with freedom to make any decision. As per Benne and Sheats (1948) Dean tries to achieve this through permitting the individual managers to run independent restaurant without any intervening of assistance (Benne and Sheats 1948). Success of Dean claim that style of laissex faire could attain success, but Jung (2001) has argued that this style subscribe with the theory of McGregor, in which employees assume to have autonomy and gets ineffective, when managers fail to possess with the ability to make important decision of business (Jung 2001). Its noted that leadersh ip of laissez faire could destructively create influence on culture of company through lack of guidance, and therefore style of transformational leadership is effective for the leaders as it offers better direction for long term with Smith. In order to recapitulate by conducting analysis of different business leaders and the style of leadership, it is viewed that the leadership transformational style is arguably the most effective one, as it tries to articulate the strategic vision for long term, and help in creating the performance culture and at the same time motivates the employees towards attaining maximum capability and results that are basic for attaining the sustained business success. Conversely there are other leadership styles like transactional which encompass more and lead towards passivity and might stifle the creativity of the employees. In the similar way, the autocratic leadership style is effective in emergency situations, and requires fast decisions, which often lead towards the dysfunctional culture and also tries to de-motivate the employees for long period. Likewise, other leadership style of laissez faire might also impact negatively on organizational culture through creating the confusion and crea te role conflicts due to lack in direction from the leader. Reflective Report According to Burns (1978) delegation is considered as the important component in the entire set of skills of leader and when its utilized successfully can lead to improvement in motivation, performance and level of commitment of the team members and employees (Burns 1978). During my study time at University of Singapore, I was able to gain the first hand experience in context of significance of having effective delegation. This includes the working as part of the team to come up with the video marketing campaign for the website of e-commerce company, in which I was selected as the team leader. The key issues through which I encountered was the initial reluctance towards disseminating the workload with other members of the team, as I believed that I need to clear understanding about the specific methods of marketing that could be more effective. This lead some team members to get de-motivate as I failed in setting up the objectives for them as well as assigning roles and responsibilities and rather than doing so, I proceed with my own ideas without giving any kind of input (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). Eventually due to these facts that I have become more overwhelmed with the workload and even gained experience about the video editing, as I delegated the tasks to other team members (Aldefer 1972). Denning(2005) explains that the teams are usually more productive and even efficient, whenever the team leader delegate the responsibilities and tasks, which correspond with the strength of an individual of team members (Denning2005). Therefore, at this specific stage I started appreciating the talents and ability of the team members and explored that assigned responsibilities dramatically got enhanced efficiently and even productivity was increased, along with the motivation and morale of the employees. This also got align with the work of Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) who explored the various team roles and suggested about the ways in which it could be integrated successfully and harmonized the improvement of entire performance (Kuhnert and Lewis 1987). Moreover, whilst the working in the team instead of working independently by pursing the own ideas and I should have tried to sought to set up the communication related to what is required to be done along with encouraged insight, feedback, and opinions taken from the members of the team. This is Congruent with the thoughts of Locke and Latham (2002) who has explained how the strong leader in the team establish the appropriate objectives for each person and tries to encourage as well as facilitate them towards communication between the members of the team (Locke and Latham 2002). Simultaneously, I also believed in enhancing the planning as well as organizational ability about how communication could be made effective, so that strong interpersonal relations could be built up with other members in the company that could add as the benefit in supporting to delegate successfully in the coming period (Locke and Latham 2002). Therefore, if I was to undertake the managerial and leadership role in the future of my career, I would like to explore the strength and weakness of my staff members and consequently I would like to delegate the task that could enhance the efficiency (Skogstad, Einarsen, Torsheim, Aasland and Hetland 2007). I would also like to employ the systematic approach through establishing the expectations and goals and try to motivate the staff to undertake responsibilities for own personal development that brings good results (Locke and Latham 2002). This could also be substantiated through the research conducted by Northouse (2012) that demonstrate the empowerment of employees in becoming important in the present environment of business in context of motivating the employees to attain maximum capability and high output performance (Northouse 2012). Finally, this could also be aligned with my own experience by the organization and leadership module, from where I could learn about how the most successful style of leadership for long period that could help me in cultivating supportive relations with my team mates and empower them through offering autonomy and high control on their work (Bratton 2010). References Bass, B. M. 1985. Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectation. NY: Free Press Burns, J.M. 1978. Leadership. New York: Harper Row Hoy, W. K. and Miskel, C. G. 2001. Educational Administration, Theory, Research, and Practice. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hall Aldefer, C.P. 1972. Existence, Relatedness and Growth. London: Collier Macmillan. Denning, S.2005. Transformational innovation: a journey by narrative.Strategy Leadership, 33(3), pp.11à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 16 Jung, D.I. 2001. Transactional and transformational leadership and their effects on creativity in groups. Creativity Research Journal, 13(2), pp. 185-1 Kuhnert, K.W. and Lewis, P. 1987. Transactional and transformational leadership: A constructive/developmental analysis. Academy of Management Review, 12(4), pp. 648657. Locke, E.A. and Latham, G.P. 2002. Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and tasking motivation: a 35 year odyssey. American Psychologist, 57(9), pp. 705-717 Northouse, G.P. 2012. Leadership: Theory Practice. 6th ed. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Skogstad, A., Einarsen, S., Torsheim, T., Aasland, M. S. and Hetland, H. 2007. The destructiveness of laissez-faire leadership behaviour. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, pp. 8092. Benne, K. D. and Sheats, P. 1948. Functional roles of group members. Journal of Social Issues, 4(2), pp. 41-49 Bratton, J. 2010. Work and Organizational Behaviour: Understanding the workplace. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Einstein, W. O. and Humphreys, J. H. 2001. Transforming leadership: Matching diagnostics to leader behaviours. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, 8(1), pp. 48-60 Leatherman, W.R. and Leatherman, D. 2008. Quality Leadership Skills: Standards of Leadership Behaviour. Amhest: HRD Press Morgeson, P. F., Derue, D. and Karam, P. E. 2010. Leadership in Teams: A Functional Approach to Understanding Leadership Structures and Processes. Journal of Management, 36(1), pp. 5-39 Purcell, J.,Kinnie, N.,Swart, J.,Rayton, B. and Hutchinson, S. 2009. People Management and Performance. Abingdon: Routledge

Whats better for fat loss weight lifting or cardio work free essay sample

Nowadays, more and more people are starting to be aware of the seriousness of the obesity. Thus, people start to go to the gym workout, try to lose weight while building up the muscle to have them look fitter. Muscle, which came from the muscular system, it responsible every movement of the body. Skeletal muscle is one of the muscle tissue, and it is the only voluntary muscle tissue in the human body. Each time we perform a physical action, the muscle contraction will occur and produce tension that our body needs for physical activity, such as talk or excise. In this paper, I will be discussing how molecular mechanism occurs in the muscle during contraction and the role of ATP plays during the muscle contraction and relationship to the rigor mortis. Muscle contraction is the process to develop tension within the muscle tissue. Two of the key protein involved in the process of muscle contraction is the myosin and actin. We will write a custom essay sample on Whats better for fat loss: weight lifting or cardio work? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When myosin and actin interact, the shape of muscle cell will change. The theory that scientists come up with is the sliding filament theory, according to the A Dictionary of biology, it states that:â€Å"A proposed mechanism of muscle contraction in which the actin and myosin filaments of striated muscle slide over each other to shorten the length of the muscle fibers (see sarcomere). Myosin-binding sites on the actin filaments are exposed when calcium ions bind to troponin molecules in these filaments. This allows bridges to form between actin and myosin, which requires ATP as an energy source. Hydrolysis of ATP in the heads of the myosin molecules causes the heads to change shape and bind to the actin filaments. The release of ADP from the myosin heads causes a further change in shape and generates mechanical energy that causes the actin and myosin filaments to slide over one another† (Oxford University Press).In another word, when contraction occurs, actin filament will slide over myosin filament, this movement of protein will cause a shape change of the muscle cell, which produce tension and movement. Since skeletal muscles are voluntary cells, our brain will continuously be sending the commands and get stimulated by the nerve impulses. The signal that is being sent out from the brain is action potential, which is â€Å"stimulation of the cell by neurotransmitters or by sensory receptor cells partially opens channel-shaped protein molecules in the membrane. Sodium diffuses into the cell, shifting that part of the membrane toward a less-negative polarization† (propagated potential). There are three types of muscle contraction, depending on the muscle, and the reason for the contraction. isotonicCitation Pageâ€Å"Sliding filament theory.† Oxfordreference.com.proxy.library.csi.cuny.edu, Oxford University Press, 2008, www.oxfordreference.com.proxy.library.csi.cuny.edu/view/10.1093/acref/9780199204625.001.0001/acref-9780199204625-e-4101.â€Å"Propagated potential.† Academic.eb.com.proxy.library.csi.cuny.edu, academic.eb.com.proxy.library.csi.cuny.edu/levels/collegiate/article/action-potential/3611.

shroomy essays

shroomy essays Shroomy is as interesting as his name. I haven ¡t met anyone with a personality even resembling his. The best classification for his personality is different; not to say there is a normal personality. However he is VERY different. His main interests include cartoons action figures and videogames. His lifestyle isn ¡t the most active. He averages 6 hours plus or minus per day on the couch. Most of his off time, or time spent off the couch, is during a dairy queen run trying to satisfy his addiction to blizzards, or while he is in class. He really is a nice guy, but unfortunately he doesn ¡t have many friends. However, I do have a feeling this will change in the futurem or not. Another one of Shroomy ¡s nicknames is game genie. People cannot conceive how much of Shroomy ¡s day is dedicated to Super Nintendo. Mario Brothers is his favorite. X-Men and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are his second favorites. He treats those games better than family. They are his only possessions that are always organized. They have the only clean spot on the bookshelf. Some would call it a shrine of sorts. The Game Genie knows virtually every secret of every level to all the games he owns. He is glued to the television for between three and four hours per day during a super Nintendo gaming marathon. His backside has formed an  ¡ass groove ¡ as he likes to call it. His second favorite past time is playing with his transformers. His collection consists of approximately three dozen robots. He has purchased six since he has been at college. These don ¡t get nearly the respect from Shroomy the video games do, however there is always a transformer within an arms reach. This is just because they are always scattered throughout the room like empty beer cans in an alcoholics living room. When the room is organized, he always sets up a display. The fire truck and big rig are folded out, and all the airplanes, cars ...

Reaction paper on Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment Essay

Reaction paper on Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process by Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987) - Essay Example It also explores the likelihood that infant attachment styles impact on the adults’ romantic styles. In order to tests the theories, the authors had a â€Å"love quiz† printed in a local newspaper and gathered the first 620 replies they received and used this as the sample size for the first part of the study. After tabulating and analyzing the results, a second study was undertaken to address the limitations of the first study. This time a questionnaire was given to a sample of108 undergraduates who were enrolled in the course â€Å"Understanding the Human Conflict† (Hazan & Shaver, 1987). Additional topics were included in the survey such as items concerning relationships with other people and measures of loneliness. The results of the study reveal that attachment styles in infancy are the same as those in adulthood. Furthermore, it also showed that individuals in the three attachment categories differ too in their love experiences. Another major finding of the study is that â€Å"people with different attachment orientations entertain different beliefs about the course of romantic love, the availability and trustworthiness of love partners and their own love-worthiness† (Hazan & Shaver, 1987). Lastly, the study disclosed that the level of loneliness varies among those in the different attachment styles. One is not totally convinced that the newspaper survey done in Study 1 is a reliable method in this type of study. One thinks that personal interviews would obtain more accurate results. Newspaper quizzes are usually not answered seriously by its respondents since there is no pressure on them to answer truthfully. It is quite difficult to identify who among the respondents fall under the specific attachment style. Furthermore, limiting the sample size to the first 620 respondents might not be a fair representative of the group that needs to be

Managing Organizational Change Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Organizational Change - Term Paper Example Through this report the necessity of a change in organization will be uncovered. Along with it the forces which are responsible for the change will be also identified. Once the requirement of a change is identified the most important task is to implement it successfully. Change is a continuous process and involves several stages. A successful change passes through a number of sequential stages. In simple words, change is defined as the way of making things different. In the context of an organization, change is considered as inevitable. Nowadays, organizations operate in a dynamic business environment and to get adapted with the situation they are forced to implement changes in their system (El-Farra & Badawi, 2012, p.161). The major forces of change in an organization are mainly technological factor, political factor, economical factor, legal factor, social factor, and most importantly the labor market environment (Lewis, 2011, p.5). According to Barney & Griffin (1992), the primary rationale behind the poor performance and reduced productivity of an organization is the failure of the managers to properly identify required change. Therefore to some extent change within organizations is necessary otherwise the organizations may find it difficult to survive in the marketplace. Throughout the world organizations have to deal with certain internal resistance which prohibits the implementation of change. Therefore managing the change or properly implementing the change within the organization is of utmost importance. This report will highlight the rationale behind the organizational change. Apart from that the forces which are responsible for making the changes will also be highlighted. In addition, the project will also shed light on the type of changes, the resistances to changes and how the change can be properly managed and sustained. Finally, based on the findings from the study a conclusion will be drawn. Rationales behind Organizational Change Change is important for any organization as without any change, businesses are likely to lose the competitive edge and eventually fail to meet the needs of the customers. The principal rationale of an organization to embrace change in their current state is mainly the customer needs, economical impact, and growt h opportunities among others. Economical Impact: - Economy can impact an organization, both in a positive and negative way. Increasing demand and a strong economy indicates that the company needs to expand thereby facilitating a change in the organization. Customer Needs: - Companies need to change their strategies in order to meet the multi dimensional need of the customers. Opportunities of Growth: - One of the most significant rationales behind implementing change in organizations is the opportunity of growth. Employees are able to learn new skills, and can explore opportunities in order to exercise their creativity. This in turn helps organizations to increase their productivity (Hagel, 2002, p.18). Forces of Organizational Change Organizations change due to a number of forces operating in its environment. The forces are both internal as well as external to the organization. Any change in these factors

Socrates said,The unexamined life is not worth living What did he mean Essay

Socrates said,The unexamined life is not worth living What did he mean - Essay Example 2). In Billy Eliot, the main character, Billy seems to live an unexamined life in terms of manifesting ambivalence in pursuing his dream. With his father restricting him to become a ballet dancer, his life exemplifies that led by Socrates: being prevented from exploring and maximizing his potentials to make it worth living. Again, from the film, one character that definitely examined her life and regarded it then as worth living was Mrs. Wilkinson, the ballet teacher. Her character was determined and strong as she knew that teaching ballet was the career for her. Likewise, she recognized the predicament that Billy was in and was therefore determined to give her support to make Billy realize the need to examine his life in terms of pursuing what he really wants and not what his father wants for him. Works Cited Mathoda.com. Philosophers are wrong to state the unexamined life is not worth living. 27 April 2008. Web. 30 June 2011 .

Dulce Et Decorum Est Commentary

Dulce Et Decorum Est Commentary Dulce et decorum est is a famous anti-war poet written by Wilfred Owen in 1917, during the WWI. It portrays war as a brutal and dehumanizing experience by utilizing a number of horrific, gruesome imageries effectively. This poem is based on a quotation from a Latin poem, Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, which means It is sweet and proper to die for ones country. However, there is absolutely nothing in the actual poem that is sweet, nor is there any description that associates directly to its title. The poem is ironically dedicated to Jessie Pope, a childrens book writer and a poet known to write poems that deliver patriotic messages. It also objurgates the media that propagated the innocent soldiers for attempting ignoble political maneuvers, and also those who glorify war without any just purpose. The poem can be divided roughly into three sections: the soldiers leaving the battlefield; a scenery of the soldiers suffering from an unexpected gas attack; and a blistering critici sm against those who glorifies these soldiers. The first stanza describes how the soldiers are mentally and physically distressed from the brutal and horrifying experiences of war. It mainly focuses on the discomforts and grieves of the soldiers who are in desperate need of medical supplies and attention. Wilfred Owen draws a sharp contrast between these old war-stricken soldiers described as Old beggars under sacks and the glorious and virile images people tend to have against soldiers. This stanza clearly highlights the fact that they are NOT marching towards the battlefield with patriotic spirit, but instead trudging exhaustingly like Hags who are completely worn out and mutated. They march by putting forth all the little strength left in them and walking Knock-kneed so that they can at least keep on moving forward. Many have lost their boots from cursing through sludge, and in retreat from warfare, many drag their feet, shod in their own blood with desperate need of recovery from the accumulated fatigue. The poem consist a number of 28 lines, and has a convectional rhyming structure. It uses full rhymes such as sack and back, sludge and trudge, boots and hoots, and so on. The rhyme scheme is in alternative groups of four, ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH IJIJ KLKL MNMN. However, the stanzas are broken up irregularly into 8, 6, 2, 12 lines, and are not presented as quatrains.   In the first section, with a stanza of 8 lines, an octave which basically explains the environmental conditions and the deplorable situations the soldiers are in, and one of six, a sestet,, it can be assumed to be an Petrarchan sonnet, although it is not tenacious to the classical form since Wilfred Owen does not seem to strictly adhere to the actual rhyme scheme. The poem starts off with an slow pace, creating an ambience of dismay and dejection by utilizing words such as Sludge and Trudge. Owens illustrative use of imagery here allows us to picture and understand the poor environmental and physical conditions they are in. It shows how the soldiers are not merely tired, but that they are coming close to losing all the hopes they may have had for their bright future. A very good use of simile can be seen in the first verse where the soldiers are described to be old, crippled reprobates, who are Bent double, like old beggars under sacks / knock need, coughing like hags, even though many must have been very young. By saying so, Owen effectively breaks the widely accepted image of soldiers being brave, patriotic and highly motivated. Another intriguing term that deserves a mention here is Distant rest which can be interpreted in two ways: one interpretation may simply mean to have a long-awaited rest to recover from exhaustion, but it also implic itly refers to Rest In Peace as a destiny for many engaged in war. The second stanza prompts the readers to an abrupt alarm of danger. Gas, GAS! Quick, boys! Just as the boys were heading for a peace of mind by retreating from the front line, gas shells drop beside them. As soon as they hear the warning, the soldiers begin to hastily wear their Clumsy helmets to save their own lives in ecstasy of fumbling. Terrible and shocking images of the gas attack are highlighted by focusing on the unfortunate one who does not get to wear the mask in time and is slowly but surely poisoned to death. The notion of lung burning And floundering like a man on fire or lime creates a terrifying image of the man writhing and suffering from the symptoms of intoxication. The poem consist a number of 28 lines, and has a convectional rhyming structure. It uses full rhymes such as sack and back, sludge and trudge, boots and hoots, and so on. The rhyme scheme is in alternative groups of four, ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH IJIJ KLKL MNMN. However, the stanzas are broken up irregularly into 8, 6, 2, 12 lines, and are not presented as quatrains. In the first section, with a stanza of 8 lines, an octave which basically explains the environmental conditions and the deplorable situations the soldiers are in, and one of six, a sestet,, it can be assumed to be an Petrarchan sonnet, although it is not tenacious to the classical form since Wilfred Owen does not seem to strictly adhere to the actual rhyme scheme. Owen again makes uses of similes to describe the affect the gas attack is making to the man. And floundering like a man n fire or lime. Also capital letters and exclamation marks are utilized as accents to emphasize the sense of urgency and panic, and to make the image even more graphical. GAS! Gas! Quick, boys! An ecstasy of fumbling. He deliberately uses the word ecstasy, which usually means to be rapturous, to dramatize the overflowing sense of panic and fear the soldiers are in. Owen applies words such as floundering, clumsy and stumbling not only to pace up the poem, but to communicate the sense of emergency, and the chaotic turmoil the soldiers find themselves in. However, then there is a sudden slowing down of pace led by the daunting imagery of fatal silence prevailing over the soldiers drowningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦under the green sea of poisonous gas. Also, there is a use of double entente seen here Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light / As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. Not only does the imagery of the green sea imply the luminous gas misting in the air, but it also portrays the view the soldiers see through the dim lenses of their gas masks. The ones who are protectively accoutered in mask passively observe the life of the unprotected relentlessly fading away The two lines In all my dreams before my helpless sight and He plunges at me, guttering, chocking, drowning are thoughtfully separated to show all those who believe blindly that war in reality is not about brevity or winning or for anyones country but is simply about survival and an desperate escape from an overwhelming fear of becoming crippled both physically and mentally. Owen continues to utilize metaphors linked to sleep walking, dreams and nightmares, to assert how terrible, and relentless the returning image given is. The helpless sight indicated here is describing the guilt feeling of how the speaker I is unable to help the gas-poisoned comrade. He enumerates continuously a number of verbs to accentuate the immediacy of the section, and to reiterate the unimaginable suffering of the comrade as he drowns deep in the green sea. And at last, for the last stanza, Owen describes the soldiers death mask as a devils sick of sin, to implicate that an once innocent youth has fallen into the pitfall of hell. The last four lines here are very ironic and cynical, as if they are Wilfred Owens own words. The poem ends with an asseveration that Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, is a complete lie, In the last verse, Owen, for the first time, employs the second person you to directly address us readers in an attempt to wake us up to see the ugly reality of war that he unveils. In the phrase Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, Owen reminds the readers that these soldiers in the battlefield were also once the children ardent for some desperate glory, who were brainwashed to sacrifice their lives in such a pitifully poor environment. In the last lines, his anger, ill feeling and strong sense of denunciation towards the absurdity of war are vividly expressed in a manner that is highly convincing to the readers n ot to let the old lie be passed on unnoticed to the next generation. My friend, you would not tell with such high zest / To children ardent for some desperate glory In the last sentence, Wilfred Owen purposely does not apply the use of iambic meter, as if there is no meaning, or no point in making an effort to place the words within the proper metrical structure, to emphasize his anger and sense of distrust towards the old lie in the most straightforward manner. Although the pace is still speedy, the word choices here become forthright and very striking, as if to emulate a war reporter with a doomed eye uttering whatever comes up in his mind out of desperation. In this stanza, he graphically pictures the dreadful images of a man tormented by the gas attack, giving revolting descriptions related to body parts, which are horrifying and visually disturbing. And watch the white eyes writhing in his face / blood gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. I assume the phrase is intended to stir the readers emotions as powerfully and shockingly as possible, by meaningfully describing the facial appearance of a soldier, who is normally stereotyped as a handsome and virile youth, deform into an gruesomely dehumanized face, as a result of the poisonous gas he could not help inhaling. What we observe from the poem is that Wilfred Owen has been successful in employing various literary devices, to create the ghastly and horrifying images of the war. He implicates that war is brutal and vile, and completely contradicts the idea of how sweet and proper it is to die for ones country. He overall gives a very steady progression in the poem, in despite of the frightful imageries of the soldier suffering from the plaguing gas attack. In addition, Wilfred Owen makes use of irony to criticize not only Jessie Pope, but to all those people who believe warfare to be honoring and splendiferous tradition.  ­

Violence: The Art Of Destruction Essay -- essays research papers fc

In today’s day and age, violence almost seems like a way of life. Aggression is the way to solve a problem, and the only way to make someone listen is to yell louder than them. Today is a day when it is alright to show a cold blooded murder on television or in a film. People enjoy seeing cartoon characters (namely Japanamation) kill each other and have graphic sex. Violence is everywhere and is almost impossible to escape and even more difficult to keep out of your life. However, in these times we must learn to live as part of society, and make meaningful contributions rather than just adding to the same heap of hate and aggression that animals are prone to and people should be above that stage in their life. People need to use reason to think out things before they say them and think even harder before they do some thing. Too many people do things in the heat of the moment. They hit their wives and children, shoot their classmates, give the finger to a car as it drives by, m indlessly watch murder and destruction on TV and in the theatres, and say things that they don’t mean in the passion of the altercation. These behaviors are destructive and bring about even more hate and nothing ever gets accomplished. War never came without a price. Far too many men were killed who never got to see their families again, and we are still so caught up in ourselves that we don’t see the suffering of the people around us. We get mad and angry and lash out with violence and hate because it’s all we know. Although we were taught from the dawn of our existence that violence isn’t the way to go, that doesn’t make it the less natural way to go. It is so much more natural to just punch the loser who hurt your feelings instead of turning the other cheek and walking away and being the bigger person. Being the bigger person is always harder, because it means maintaining dignity and pride even though you didn’t fight back which is what s ociety has come to expect from us. School Violence What seems to frighten me most lately is school violence. I am almost afraid to come into school because some kid my get the wrong idea and do something that they’ll regret. I feel that the school should be a safe place where one feels that they are safe and secure and not where they feel that their hall ways could become a battle ground any moment. These recent school shootings have also left me a... ..., it’s only a matter of time before that person will stand up for themselves in the only way that they know how to protect themselves, and that is with a gun. Stopping The Violence As one can see, there are many different kinds of violence. So what does one do about it? This is simple. Just live and create. If you see destruction, create over it. If you see violence and hatred, mend it and manipulate it into love. Where there is barrenness, make something grow. Especially, where there is love, embrace it. Share it with as many people as you can. Violence can only persist if we let it. Lets have one more World War, the War against violence and hatred. Instead of bombs we can use smiles and instead of guns we can use acceptance. The earth will be a battleground for God and the emblem on my shield will be Jesus. He started the battle, now lets finish the war. Works Cited The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness – Erich Fromm Aggression: A Social Learning Analysis – Albert Bandura Breaking the Cycle of Violence – Richard J. Hazler, Ph.D. Violence in America – Stephen Goode Reason and Violence - Sherman M. Stanage Bully/Victim Conflict: An Overview for Educators – Beverly B. Title, Ph.D.

Origins of World War I Essay

The World War I fought between 1914 and 1918, is considered the largest of any war in human history and ever since, many refer it as the Great War. It was a culmination of activities and competition across European nations. It’s estimated that 14 million people lost their lives on the First World War. The causes of the World War I were complicated which includes; 1. Imperialism- The scramble for Africa and some other parts of Asia for raw materials by European countries led to a competition and this pushed the world into the World War I. 2. Defense alliances-most countries all over Europe had formed defense agreements that if one country was attacked, allied countries would join and fight back. For example when Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia joined to defend Serbia and German started to attack Russia. 3. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand from Hungary and his wife in June 1914 by a Serbian national is considered to be an immediate cause. It took place in Sarajevo, Bosnia and which was part of Hungary. This was followed by protests as Serbia wanted to take control of Bosnia then Hungary declared war on Serbia leading to an expansion of the war trough the mutual defense alliances. It’s not exactly known which country was responsible for the war though Germany is strongly believed to be responsible for the out break of the war. Through the Schlieffen plan German was supposed first to invade France through Belgium then Russia before it had mobilized. Germany was also a major partner in the triple alliance and it’s perceived that Hungary would not have risked war with Serbia without full backing of Germany through the blank check given on 6th, june1914. However, on the other hand the war started first as conflict between Hungary and Serbia after the assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Hungary. In all fairness historians argue that all senior powers were responsible for war. In conclusion, other than trade, peace alliances and coalitions between nations should be formed and promoted to foster peace and understanding. This will prevent t an out break of another war. References Henig Ruth, 2002, The Origins of the First World War, Routledge.

cyberterror essays

cyberterror essays What is Cyber Terrorism? (Consumer View) When you say terrorism many people think of bombing and physical actions taken towards other people. You usually dont think of the internet. Cyber terrorism is one of the largest points of attack in America, simply because people dont think of their computer as a device that can physically harm them. But computers are the main way of taking care of sensitive documents that the government thinks are important to national security. The fact is that an attack on computer technology can cause a great deal of damage. First, however, we must define cyber terrorism. I define cyber terrorism as abuse of computer technology to destroy personal and business information with the intent to harass. That being said, cyber terror is a broad field. Government agents consider hackers to be cyber terrorists because they cause pointless acts of destruction. I do not completely agree with that because most hackers are more like a kid wanting to play a joke on their father because it gives them a sense of power. They do not wish to destroy, but to let them know that he was there. Cyber terrorists seek to do so on a larger scale because they want to cause destruction and panic to all those who use computers or to a specific group of people, similar to the events after September 11. Many Americans were downloading patriotic songs, so someone attached a virus to God Bless America and The National Anthem. The virus attached to your virus software. It caused an alert, but would not allow your virus scanner to clean it. The results were your computer freezing up, and if you rebooted, it would not allow Windows to run. This was a popular act of cyber terrorism; many people that I know had to recover all lost documents and information th at they had accumulated. The areas that we are most vulnerable in are personal computers, government, and private networks (Donthu, Navin (199...

Mary Whiton Calkins essays

Mary Whiton Calkins essays Mary Whiton Calkins was born on March 30, 1863 in Hartford, Connecticut, but spent most of her childhood in Buffalo, New York. Mary was the oldest of five children born to her Puritan mother and minister father. According to some sources, Calkins father had a great distrust of public education, and preferred educating his children by boarding them with French and German families. It is recorded, though, that Mary Calkins graduated from an established high school in Newton, Massachusetts. Calkins indicated her interest in philosophy in high school by writing a graduation essay entitled "The Apology Plato should have written: a vindication of the character Xantippi." Johnson, 1997 Calkins entered Smith College in 1882 as a sophomore, but left the following spring when her sister became ill and died. She remained home the following academic year, studying Greek and tutoring two of her younger brothers. Calkins re-entered Smith College in the fall of 1984 with senior standing and graduated the following spring with a degree concentrated in classics and philosophy. (Johnson, 1997) After Calkins graduation from Smith, she spent a year studying social and economic issues with a womens organization called the Newton Social Science Club. Calkins researched her first paper entitled Sharing the Profits (1888), during this period (Johnson, 1997). The following year, Calkins, and her family went on a journey to Europe where Calkins attended Leipzig University for a short while and studied with Wilhelm Wundt. (McHenry, 1995). The Calkins family traveled on to Greece where Mary studied Modern Greek (Johnson, 1997). Calkins began her career in academia immediately upon her return when she was offered a position as a Greek teacher at Wellesley College. During her time at Wellesley, Calkins made her interests in philosophy known and she was recommended to fulfill the position of teaching courses i...

Organizational Behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Behavior - Assignment Example An informal research activity could be done using a formal scientific approach by following a controlled and objective approach where the researcher has to follow prescribed rules which are regularly reviewed for errors (Arch & Elizabeth, 2009). The aspect of organizational behavior that I would study is motivation. This involves inspiring and stimulating the employees to accomplish the desired goals of the organization. The reason I would study is that the motivation of employees is important in ensuring the success of the organization. In addition, behaviorism psychology is concerned with an observable behavior as opposed to other internal events that include thinking. Due to this, the observable behavior is easily measured scientifically. Each behavior is as a result of a stimulus and it is learned from an environment of an individual (John, Robert, & Michael, 2014). Organizational psychology is concerned with the study of the human behaviors especially in the workplaces and applies both psychological theories and the organizational principles. This psychology enhances the success of an organization by heightening the level of organizational performance. This behavior is learned and is easily measured. The difference bet ween organization and behaviorist psychology is that organizational psychology applies only in an organization (Nigel, David, Nikala, & Douglas, 2006). In Texas, the people still enjoy a good taste of barbeque and it is evident from a wide variety of stalls displaying different varieties of barbeque. In this aspect, there is one famous world-famous barbeque called Drexler’s which is located in Houston’s third ward area. The business has been a family business for the longest time one can remember. The history of the restaurant began in the late 1940s when the uncle to the current owners operated as the Burney’s BBQ (John, Robert, & Michael, 2014).

Muhammad Ali Clay ( Cassius Marcellus ) 1942 - 1981 Essay

Muhammad Ali Clay ( Cassius Marcellus ) 1942 - 1981 - Essay Example For instance, he started training when he was only 12 years old. However, irrespective of the tender age of training, the super man acquired several skills, expertise as well as experience. This pushed him towards the realization of his first global success at the age of 221. For instance, it was at the age of 22 when Muhammad Ali first won the World heavyweight championship. This happened in the year 1964. The victory really motivated Muhammad Ali. As such, he vowed to put even more effort in order to succeed at each and every boxing event. It is of crucial significance to underscore the fact that Muhammad Ali was born a Christian. However, as he continued to grow, he later on converted to Islam. This happened in the year 1975 when he was 33 years old. Born in Louisville, Kentucky in the United States of America, Muhammad Ali, also known as Cassius Marcellus Clay played a total of 61 fights. Amongst these fight matches, he won 56 and lost 5. Amongst his victories, his total wins by knock outs included 37 in number. This paper is going to focus on Muhammad Ali relevant to his religious perspectives as well as the issue of women. Moreover, the paper is going to focus on the views of Muhammad Ali relevant to wars as well as maintenance of peace amongst individuals in the society. Furthermore, the paper is going to focus on Muhammad Ali’s take on the issue of racism as well as equality of all the people regardless of differences in races, religion as well as ethnic backgrounds. It is of crucial significance to note that Muhammad Ali, also known as Cassius Clay was really opposed to the issue of racism in the United States of America. Muhammad Ali is someone who deeply the valued the issue of equality amongst all humanities. However, it is of crucial significance to underscore the fact that the issue of racism greatly undermined as well as compromised the issue

Realisms, Fantasy And Utopia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Realisms, Fantasy And Utopia - Essay Example However, mansions and gold have proven to be resources of greed and unhappiness throughout human history and to be in the presence of God would be to stand in stark contrast to pure Grace, the human existence frail and without virtue in comparison, thus there is no way in which a human can understand what it would mean to live in a state of perfection. When trying to imagine Utopia, it is likely that it will change from individual to individual. Thus, Utopia, as it is represented as a community, cannot exist as perfection, a place in which perfect peace and harmony can be found, would not exist. There is little that can be found in this world that represents a one-sided place in which all things are found to have value and elevated meaning to all people who reside in this place. Utopia must be all things to all of its inhabitance, and there has been no place, time, or setting in which this type of nirvana has been reached. Human existence is defined by its struggles, by the way in wh ich one point of view comes into conflict with another. In fact, this type of conflict is necessary for the satisfaction of many people. Thus, a place with harmony and without conflict would be a hell for some people, their ambitions stilted by the inability to engage in conflicts of ideologies. Without those types of conflicts, dissatisfaction would be born of complacency, apathy, and boredom. To find perfection would kill the spirit, thus the humanity of human life would be discovered undone. Therefore, the only type of Utopia that could exist would not be in creating a place that left all people fulfilled and in peace, but one that changed the human nature to no longer have ambition. In this world, bliss would rule the human spirit, thus whatever existed within the space that was Utopia, would allow for harmony and satisfaction. The fact is that Utopia cannot be a place, it can only be a condition of life, a situated state in which the human need to strive and to be in conflict i n order to achieve greater achievement and enlightenment was no longer a part of the human experience. Utopia is not a place, thus it cannot be achieved. This type of place is not within the ability of human imagination. To write of existence is to frame a place in which nothing happens, thus there is no story to its existence. Nothing would happen because if it were a true place, if Utopia existed, the people within it would move through their days without highs and lows of emotions. Without these highs and lows, there is no measure of emotional feeling, thus to know joy would not exist because there would be no sorrow against which to measure it. People have understood this through their religious history. Of all things, religion is the ultimate proof that Utopia cannot exist. There is no religion that has been found in the research for this discourse that does not reveal the need for balance. The closest is the Judeo-Christian religion that sets a course of beliefs that intends t hat the balance of good, the evil that weights the darker side of

New Media Technology Essay Example for Free

New Media Technology Essay Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the worldwide web, initially intended his invention to be a haven of collaboration where people could share their knowledge (Gauntlett 2009:39). Although the prospect of such public journalism corresponded with democratic and egalitarian principles, journalists took this idea with a pinch of salt. This was almost 20 years ago, before the information highway had, for better or for worse, stretched its limbs across the globe. Today, the new media has redefined both journalism and self expression in conflicting ways that leave an individual wondering at the veracity of digital information. In the last decade, internet has gone through an explosive growth and diversification. No one could have foreseen how the internet would pervade our lives and transform the very notion of being part of a society. It has provided the ultimate freedom of the new age: a single blogger can speak to the entire world, a concept virtually impossible two decades ago. However, with this flourishing and unbound growth, the internet brings a unique set of predicaments and dilemmas. The most profound and relevant of such problems is the age-old clash of a person’s right of self-expression with the hazards of misinformation of the whole society. Whether this deceit comes about due to ignorance or design is irrelevant; in a society that promotes freedom of speech, misinformation is bound to occur on both grounds. While conferring infinite freedom to the common person, this means of self-expression comes with the acrid realization that words from a layman, presented as the predominating views of his community, are not necessarily a blessing. The news on the new media of today is more about gossip and entertainment then first-rate journalism. Since when did journalism begin to cater to the ever-growing need of the populace to be entertained? In an interview to BBC World News America, Ted Koppel, former Nightline presenter, criticized the digital journalist of today for being a mere supplier for consumers (Whitlock 2010). The commercial expansion of new media and ever-growing competition in the free market means that journalists have to write what sells; or rather, gets the most â€Å"hits† on a website. How did we come to a situation where the populace demands not to be informed, but to be perpetually entertained? Discussing news on the television, Daya Kishan Thussu (2007: 9) states: â€Å"There is a concern that too much news is creating an information overload, contributing to a structural erosion of the public sphere in the Habermasian sense, where the viewer, bombarded with visuals, is unable to differentiate between public information and corporate propaganda. † If that is true regarding television news, it most definitely holds water concerning internet news. The gargantuan flow of information, most of which lacks in credibility, is bombarded on any user who wades through the mire of pop up advertisements, banners, and mass e-mailing. Although, these devices are some of the tools used in the race to get more traffic on ones website, the capitalist agenda is far from being the most unfavorable feature of journalism. It is the ubiquitous use of new media, especially by the youth that yields the most detrimental effects. The frivolous writing that is spilt across the new media today may be the first literature some of us encounter, and draw heavily from. However, there have been examples of the internet doing its job where other media have failed. Earlier this year, on January 12th, an earthquake hit the Caribbean island of Haiti. All landlines and mobile connections were suspended. The production team of the news program Sunrise at Sky News, London, was finding it difficult to channel in the first reports from the disaster-struck area. It was to be a young member of their team, Emily Purser, who used Twitter and instant messaging via Google and Skype, to secure the first reports of the incident (Elward 2010). Another, much publicized affair was the use of Twitter by the political opposition in Iran to protest the presidential elections. The protestants took to all sorts of media, but the loudest dissent was voiced, surprisingly, through microblogging. This medium proved to be fast, portable, and most importantly very difficult to contain. Ironically, this very accessibility makes the medium too erratic, unreliable, and mundane to be of any journalistic value (Grossman 2009). An obvious embodiment of the debate between free speech and quality journalism is Wikipedia. This resource epitomizes the â€Å"by the people, for the people† ideology, but this trait alone does not give it any credibility whatsoever, at least not in academic circles. A former editor-in-chief of Encyclopedia Britannica compared Wikipedia to a â€Å"public toilet†, accusing it of delivering information that has no authenticity (Shirky 2006). On the other hand, notions that anything that appears in print media will always be more accurate than digital information are absurd. What Wikipedia envisions is the process through which one can witness the knowledge of its users evolving and perfecting itself through countless revisions (Shirky 2006). The trump card in the argument for Wikipedia comes from a comparison of veracity of data between itself and Britannica; the scientific journal Nature declares them to be of similar accuracy (Giles 2005:900). This collaboration is a sign for those who think people are becoming ever more antisocial and misanthropic, for this is a global effort in creating something for the benefit of all and no monetary gain (Gauntlett 2009:42) . Patricia Wallace, in her book, The Psychology of the Internet writes about how free flow of information can be used to cultivate critical and analytical thinking amongst students who access it (1999:245). Nevertheless, the fact remains that the new media is losing credibility day by day. Although, the global sharing of information and its revision by collaboration is a noble idea, public journalism makes it exceedingly difficult to acquire accurate information; and to accept the new media as a genuine journalistic medium. BIBLIOGRAPHY Gauntlet, David. (2009). Case Study: Wikipedia. Eds. Creeber, G Martin, R. Digital Cultures. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill. Thussu, Daya Kishan. (2007). News as Entertainment: The Rise of Global Infotainment. London: SAGE Publications. Wallace, Patricia. (1999). The Psychology of The Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Shirky, Clay. Interviewed on Imagine, BBC1, UK (aired 5th December 2006) Giles, Jim. (2005). Internet encyclopedias go head to head, Nature, 438:900. www. nature. com/nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/438900a. html (5th May, 2010) Grossman, Lev. (2009). Iran Protests: Twitter, the Medium of the Movement. Time. http://www. time. com/time/world/article/0,8599,1905125,00. html (5th May, 2010) Whitlock, Scott. (2010). Ted Koppel Slams Undisciplined Internet Journalism. NewsBusters. http://newsbusters. org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2010/04/13/ted-koppel-slams-undisciplined-internet-journalism-longs-good-old-da (5th May, 2010) Elward, David. (2010) Work of a trainee newspaper journalist. (5th May, 2010) http://davidelward. com/2010/03/09/the-digital-revolution-need-not-sound-the-death-knell-for-good-journalism/

Red Badge of Courage Essay: Themes of Heritage and Color

Themes of Heritage and Color in   Red Badge of Courage  Ã‚      "The cold passed reluctantly from the earth, and the retiring fogs revealed an army stretched out on the hills, resting. As the landscape changed from brown to green, the army awakened, and began to tremble with eagerness at the noise of rumors. It cast its eyes upon the roads, which were growing from long troughs of liquid mud to proper thoroughfares. A river, amber-tinted in the shadow of its banks, purled at the army's feet; and at night, when the stream had become of a sorrowful blackness, one could see across it the red, eyelike gleam of hostile camp fires set in the low brows of distant hills" (Crane 1). The above quote is the opening paragraph of Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage. Just this one paragraph foreshadows the themes of change in color and its underlying messages, and the subtle idea of social heritage. Crane, through his detailed writing, colors the war as an ever changing psychological standing as well as the changing ideals of the socially learned heritage.    The novel opens with Henry Fleming in the field and remembering the route to his current condition within the war. Crane spends a good amount of time relaying the interaction between Henry and his mother as he prepares to go off to fight in the war as well as the questioning of himself as a man. What is so interesting about this particular part, as it relates to the end of the novel, is that the America ideals of the creation of a man (hero) through war and war as beautiful are approached and challenged.    Henry's mother isn't pleased with his going off to war. She warns him against not only the enemy but also the men he shall be fighting with. "He had, of course, dre... ... the flag, the reader can see both flags in color upon a still black and white background. And finally, by the end, when Henry and his fellow men awaken to their victory, everything is in color of hope.    Stephen Crane's The Red Badge of Courage formed circles of the two themes of heritage and color. While interchanging romanticism and deromanticism, Crane is able to create a complete three hundred and sixty degree rotation of the ideas of manhood, heroism, and attitudes of war (the fluctuating colors). The novel opens with the question of warriors equaling men and heroes, and ends with the answer. The novel begins full of color and ends with color. "Over the river a golden ray of sun came through the hosts of leaden rain clouds" (Crane 183).    Works Cited Crane, Stephen. The Red Badge of Courage. Barnes and Noble Classics, 1992.         

Chapter Essay

What do you think are the prime advantages and disadvantages of National City Corporation’s virtual tryouts? The advantages of using virtual tryouts are competitive edge against other companies. Allows them to pick candidates better suited for their work environment, allows candidates the knowledge that they are applying for a company that is at the cutting edge of technology and they want to move forward with the times. Unfortunately there are also disadvantages associated with virtual tryouts. Employers may grab the interest of candidates, however if real day to day activities at work do not contain some of the aspects that the virtual test had, then employees will get uninterested and quit. 2. Do you think there would be any EEO concerns regarding this system? I don’t think there would be any EEO issues with this system, otherwise it would not be offered in the market. However I do believe that this new system â€Å"Virtual Tryouts† is not necessarily right for all hiring aspects for every type of position/ company. There are aspects of a perfect employee to company match that a computer test cannot guarantee. Example, you can have a candidate that gets great results in the virtual tryouts given the situation that they are told to address, yet in the real day to day situation of the position they do not do very well, and vice-versa. 3. Would you suggest the company tailor its system for different types of candidates? Yes, I recommend that the company tailor its system for the different types of positions and the different types of candidates required to fill those positions. Chapter 8 Case Study Appraising Employees at the San Diego Zoo. 1. Do you think the San Diego Zoo’s old appraisal system needed to be changed? I think it needed to be changed because before they weren’t taking it seriously and it was a low priority to them. Now with the new system the employees will get raises depending on their performance which in turn will ncrease company performance. 2. What do you think are the pros and cons of using a Web-based appraisal system? The pros of using a web-based appraisal system is that it is convenient because a large group of people can be rated in less time and it will control personal bias. The cons of using a web-based appraisal system is that it gives too little attention to the overall performance of workers and in person interviews are more effective in rewarding or po inting out deficiencies in workers. 3. How do you think the new appraisal system will affect employees and the types of employees who work at the zoo? The new appraisal system will affect employees positively for those employees that are looking to grow with the company and be a part of the growth. When an employee is given targets and goals to reach, then they know what they are working towards and they are aware that if they reach the targets and goals there is a gain for them at the end. With this set, you will get employees that are willing to do the work and the time to get a job done right.

Art and Function in a T-Shirt Essay

Defining and evaluating artistic and aesthetic value has often been a problematic task. This is because aesthetic judgements are subjective and are influenced by prevailing cultural, economic, political, and social norms. Hence, the definition of art remains a contested domain between those who believe in â€Å"high art† and the advocates of artistic and cultural relativism. (Danto 35) The difficulty in ascribing aesthetic value to objects is evident in the fact that relativism, with its focus on the individual subjective experience, would render anything and everything as artforms since humans ultimately attach meanings to objects they possess. Changes in culture and socio-economic conditions also alter and influence the very standards by which the aesthetic value of art forms and other objects are judged. For instance, in judging a t-shirt with Bob Marley’s face printed on it on the front through the use of the silkscreen method, one easily dismisses it as a non-art when judged according to the traditional notions of fine art. This is because the t-shirt and the print on it do not express artistic creativity, which is a prerequisite for objects to be considered art forms. The t-shirt and the print, which can be replicated many times over by any one with knowledge on silk screen printing, do not possess relevant canonic properties of art such as unity, complexity, and intensity which could evoke intense human experiences and therefore, aesthetic appreciation (Goldman 185). The sight of the t-shirt does not stir up feelings of beauty nor does its fabric hold anything extraordinary for the senses. The print on the t-shirt does not convey a particular style to capture attention or cause pain or pleasure, at least not in the way that beholding Picasso’s paintings evoke wonder, mystery, and other psychological sentiments arising purely from the painter’s use of style, colors, and the imagination. Likewise, the t-shirt with the print on it was created not for the purpose of being admired as an art. As such, the t-shirt is not valuable in itself but gains value for its function to humans, contrary to traditional visual and other forms of art. Art forms are valued for their artistic worth or for their ability to command a definite blending of particular perceptual and sensory elements from the audience (Goldman 188). On the other hand, subjecting the t-shirt to evaluation based on the principles of aesthetic value leads to interesting results. The t-shirt with Bob Marley’s face printed on it clearly fulfills two aesthetic principles. First, the t-shirt becomes a medium for the image of Bob Marley, a cultural icon in reggae music and in the historical struggle of Jamaicans. In this case, the t-shirt with Bob Marley’s image transcends its status as an object worn by humans to cover themselves and becomes an expression of the values of reggae and Jamaican culture in a manner similar to cultural artifacts. Second, the t-shirt itself may be valued by an individual for the sentiments attached to the shirt. It could have been given as a gift for an occasion or has been worn to events associated with feelings of happiness which make the t-shirt valuable to the individual because of the memories of joyous times spent while wearing it. Thus, other people might consider the same t-shirt aesthetically valuable. Fenner observes that objects do not have intrinsic aesthetic value; rather it is the subjective experience of humans that create aesthetic value for objects, particularly the expectation of pleasure from an object (122). Those who appreciate and know Bob Marley may value his image on the t-shirt and subsequently feel pleasure or the elevation of other feelings associated with Bob Marley’s musical contribution and historical roots. As such, the t-shirt may be appreciated by people who share a cultural affinity with Jamaica or of the counterculture that Bob Marley represents. The value of Bob Marley’s silkscreened image extends to the t-shirt which carries it and reinforces the value of the shirt for its owner. The t-shirt, donned by the owner, can therefore be considered the medium for the expression of individuality and creativity of the wearer. Wearing Bob Marley may be a political or cultural statement for a particular culture, particularly as a representation of the struggle against apartheid or against conventional popular music and the culture it represents. Hence, the appreciation of Jamaican culture or reggae music becomes another definitive aspect of the aesthetic experience that may be separate from the experiences attached to the t-shirt as an object. Likewise, neither the fact that the t-shirt was not created for the sake of art nor its low economic worth prevents it from being categorized as an art form. Fenner notes that the presence of traditional aesthetic properties do not necessarily lead to an aesthetic experience or to the creation of an aesthetic value (121). Hence, the audience can view a pricey painting without feeling any connection with it which would make the painting worthless in terms of evoking a subjective experience of appreciation for creativity or imagination. On the other hand, the same audience may behold the image on a shirt and feel an instant connection, a feeling of intense emotions from memories or meanings attached to the object of attention. It is clear that the traditional definitions of art and the accompanying distinction and stratification between â€Å"high art† and â€Å"lowbrow art† has slowly been eroded with the rise of cultural relativism and postmodern theory. Doubtless, the rigid formality of art has come under attack even within various artists’ circles itself that ascribe to the fluidity and less structured styles of postmodern culture. Thus, even an ordinary t-shirt can now be considered an art form when, after critical analysis, it is able to fulfill the principles of aesthetic value. Works Cited: Fenner, David E.W. The Aesthetic Attitude. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press, 1996. Goldman, Alan. â€Å"Beardsley’s Legacy: The Theory of Aesthetic Value.† The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 63.2 (2005): 185-190.

buy custom Aligning Incentives in Medicare essay

buy custom Aligning Incentives in Medicare essay In modern world electronic medical record (EMR) has created a revolution that has affected the entire system in the medical world. The EMR is a computerized medical record created in an organization that delivers care, such as a hospital or physician's office (The Institute of Medicine, 2006). This method has eased the process of data management, storage, retrieval and modification of data. As opposed to the paper based methods that are up to now the most used methods of recording patient information, electronic medical record provides flexibility and effectiveness going by the fact that this system does not need significant amount of storage space. For the relatively smaller medical facilities, EMR may strike out as an over-ambitious plan that may not go well with the budget line of these facilities. The essence for the adoption of the EMR is basically to increase data security and ensure that patients information can last for decades. In this sense, the undertaking by Dryden Family Medicine (DFM) to incorporate the use of EMR will go a long way in creating s steady transition of healthcare operations such as billing, prescription ordering as well as other routine processes. Pay for performance is one of the emerging movements in health insurance aimed at encouraging better healthcare delivery initially in the US and Britain. Under this model, medical facilities, groups and other healthcare providers are rewarded for their efficiency in health care delivery. However, this has sparked a heated debate particularly in developed nations where critics question the applicability of this model. In these countries, it is very significant that large healthcare systems have shown great improvement in terms of healthcare delivery and efficiency. However, these large facilities fail in minimizing their cost with most of the resources being used in administrative expenses. This questions the pay for performance model where the efficiency of health providers is based on the cost effectiveness of the same fcilities in delivering their services. Pay for performance model has led to many medical facilities to try and engage better and complex systems in health-care delivery. In the US, most medical professionals and societies have over the years advocated for increased efficiency in the healthcare sector. This comes amidst concern over the criteria used to measure the degree of effectiveness by a healthcare provider. The pay for performance model therefore put most health organizations to task by initiating innovations and the adoption of new technology in healthcare delivery by healthcare providers while trying to provide quality healthcare. According to a recent study by the American Medical Association, the electronic medical records improve the overall efficiency of a medical organization by 6% annually. This explains why the pay performance model would undoubtedly encourage the adoption of electronic medical records by health providers. In both the medical and professional world, cost benefit analysis maybe regarded as a system that deals with the decision making process. This can also be defined as the systematic process that details out what is to be done and why. Decision making process is a complex process that work under the assumptions that, an act should not be carried out unless its benefits outweighs the cost, the benefits and costs are weighed under a common denominator to establish their comparison with each other and the whole process is essential in improving cost benefit estimation for future projection. There are various advantages for the adoption of cost benefit analysis particularly when dealing with information technology adoption decisions. These advantages are such as the evaluation of the cost incurred in relation to the intended or projected benefits. However, the limitations of this method are that the IT sector is very dynamic. This implies that nit is not possible to weigh the decision maki ng process under a common denominator such as cost. There is also the need to weiggh the same under factors such as durability, complexity and time. Before integrating the electronic medical records, the Dryden Family Medicine (DFM) should first ensure that the health facilitys internal and external environment can fully adopt the use of this new system. In this regard, one of the first measures is to educate the staff regarding the use of the EMR going by the fact that this facility had no IT support person except the IT manager. It is also evident that the facility due to its size was somehow limited on its budget implying that it could not hire outside consultants hence the more need to develop an internal consultant and cut on the cost incurred. Before the adoption of EMR, Dryden Family Medicine (DFM) should also ensure that the main servers in data encryption are safe. This is as a result of the fact that the EMR system has received sharp criticism over the security of data. In this, critics argue that the increased portability and accessibility of EMR increases the ease in which unauthorized people can access private inform ation. One of the key challenges faced by small health facilities as compared to large healthcare providers in relation to the adoption of HMIS projects such as EMR implementation narrows down to cost. Most of these small healthcare providers operate on a limited budget that greatly affect the adoption of such HMIS initiatives. More significantly, incentives are being aligned with performance with most people questioning the information systems used by health facilities to collect data valid for quality assessment. It is a fundamental fact that small healthcare providers will always feel much of the effect by adopting such HMIS initiatives. According to a recent study, more than 90% respondents from relatively small healthcare providers admit lacking substantive support form EMR providers. In addition, most of them agreed that the additional cost from EMR vendors and consultants is the key reason behind the late implementation of the system. Buy custom Aligning Incentives in Medicare essay